Science & Technology in News — August 2026

400 science & tech, for Prelims revision. Each links to its full note.

Schemes Places Reports & indices Environment & species Acts & bills International organisations Institutions & bodies Constitution Persons & appointments

El Niño: A climate pattern involving the warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
LPA (Long Period Average): A statistical average of rainfall/temperature over a long period, typically 30 years. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
GlabTop2 is the tool used by researchers to map and identify hanging glaciers. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
INS Nipun is designed for rapid submarine rescue and deep-sea disaster relief. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
Supercritical thermal power: A technology where water is heated above its critical point to increase efficiency · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
VRRR: Variable Rate Reverse Repo is a tool used by RBI to absorb excess liquidity. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
Proton Beam Therapy: A form of radiation therapy used to treat cancer by using protons instead of X-rays. · 31 Aug · GS2 · note
Nancy Grace Roman Telescope: NASA mission to study dark energy and exoplanets. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
Exoplanets: Planets located outside of our solar system. · 31 Aug · GS3 · note
Artifactory: A tool used for managing and storing software code packages. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Hugging Face: A widely used platform and community for machine learning and AI models. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
METR and Redwood Research: Organizations involved in AI safety and behavior research. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope: NASA's flagship observatory for studying dark energy and dark matter. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Lagrange Point 2: A gravitational equilibrium point where the telescope will be stationed. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Falcon Heavy: The SpaceX rocket used for the launch from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
FALCON: A navigation system using onboard camera observations and public catalogues to estimate orbits. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Starling Mission: The specific mission context for testing the FALCON system. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Space Traffic Management: A primary application of FALCON for collision avoidance in orbit. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Quantum imaging: A technique to capture images of objects at the quantum level without altering the original object. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Superconductors: Materials that exhibit zero electrical resistance and the expulsion of magnetic flux fields. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Closing Auction Session (CAS) aggregates buy and sell orders to discover a single equilibrium price. · 30 Aug · GS3 · note
Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) are a significant hazard in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region. · 29 Aug · GS2 · note
Bailey bridge: A portable, pre-fabricated steel truss bridge used for rapid deployment in disaster zones. · 28 Aug · GS2 · note
AI Agents: Autonomous software entities capable of perceiving, reasoning, and taking actions to achieve specific goals. · 28 Aug · GS3 · note
Anthropic: An AI safety and research company known for developing the Claude large language model. · 28 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño: A climate pattern involving the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern and central tropical Pacific Ocean. · 28 Aug · GS3 · note
Glacial collapse: The disintegration of a glacier or a significant portion of it, often leading to sudden flash floods. · 27 Aug · GS3 · note
Glacial collapse: Gravity-driven failure of glacier ice on mountain slopes, resulting in ice-rich avalanches or debris flows. · 27 Aug · GS1 · note
PFAS (Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) are known as 'forever chemicals' due to their persistence in the environment. · 27 Aug · GS3 · note
The Yale research involves chemical re-engineering to make PFAS insoluble in water for easier separation. · 27 Aug · GS3 · note
The 'smart border' architecture utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) and sensor-based surveillance. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Iridium is a commercial satellite constellation providing global mobile voice and data services. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
C-17 Globemaster III: A large military transport aircraft used for heavy cargo and medical evacuation. · 26 Aug · GS2 · note
C-130 Hercules: A multi-mission tactical transport aircraft capable of landing on short, unprepared runways. · 26 Aug · GS2 · note
The initiative focuses on domestic production of missile technologies to reduce import dependency. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Groundwater recharge methods include constructing check dams and filling tanks · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño is cited as a climatic factor affecting rainfall and subsequent sugar production. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Universal accessibility refers to the design of products, buildings, and environments to be usable by all people, regardless of age, size, ability, or disability. · 26 Aug · GS2 · note
Albedo effect: Air pollution can reflect sunlight, potentially cooling surface temperatures. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Pseudocreases: Structural features in curved shells that allow for multiple stable configurations. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Magnetically controlled robots: Robotics that utilize external magnetic fields for movement and shape-shifting. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope: Designed to study dark energy, dark matter, and exoplanets. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Falcon Heavy: The SpaceX rocket vehicle used for the launch. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
UPI is an interoperable, real-time payment system enabling fee-free transactions. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
The initiative includes the establishment of an AI Advisory Council. · 26 Aug · GS2 · note
AgriStack: A key component of the Digital Agriculture Mission for farmer data integration. · 26 Aug · GS2 · note
UPI: A real-time payment system facilitating instant money transfers. · 26 Aug · GS3 · note
Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal and a potent neurotoxin that bioaccumulates in marine food chains. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
CRhAB: An enzyme derived from cow gut that breaks down bacterial biofilms. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Examples of 'superbugs' prone to hospital-acquired infections. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
AMCA: Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, a key indigenous fighter project. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
P-75I: India's project for building indigenous conventional submarines. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
GODLAS: A system used for satellite laser ranging to measure distances with high precision. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Explorer 22: The spacecraft used to record the first successful laser returns in 1964. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
ICESat and ICESat-2: NASA missions used to measure ice-sheet elevations with millimetre accuracy. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Copernicus Climate Change Service: European Union's Earth observation program · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
PET: Polyethylene terephthalate, a common plastic polymer used in bottles and packaging. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Biotechnology: The process uses 'programmed yeasts' to facilitate the conversion of waste into edible components. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Robert H. Goddard: Pioneer of modern rocketry and the first to launch a liquid-fueled rocket. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Semiconductor manufacturing requires 'cleanroom' standards to prevent dust contamination. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) is a premier research institute in India. · 25 Aug · GS1 · note
EVMs: Electronic Voting Machines used in Indian elections are standalone devices without internet/wireless connectivity. · 25 Aug · GS2 · note
HiFA: A machine learning-based forecasting system for Hilsa fish availability. · 25 Aug · GS3 · note
Blue Economy: Sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
NEET-SS: National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test for Super Speciality seats · 24 Aug · GS2 · note
C-130J Super Hercules: A multi-mission, long-range transport aircraft used by the Indian Air Force. · 24 Aug · GS2 · note
DUS Testing: A standard procedure to determine if a plant variety is distinct, uniform, and stable. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Optoacoustic memory: A technology that utilizes the interaction between light and sound waves for data storage. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Optical fiber: A device that transmits light pulses to carry information; cooling the medium can enhance specific physical interactions. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope: Designed to map galaxies and detect over 200,000 new planets. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Mission Objective: Study cosmic expansion, dark matter distribution, and gravitational effects on starlight. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Medaka fish (Oorinus latipes) are commonly used in biological research due to their rapid maturation. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Microgravity refers to the condition in which people or objects are in free fall or in orbit. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
Biological data centres use lab-grown human neurons integrated with silicon hardware. · 24 Aug · GS3 · note
AssamSAT: A state-specific satellite initiative by the Government of Assam. · 24 Aug · GS2 · note
Semiconductors and AI are key focus areas for the India-Japan trade discussions. · 23 Aug · GS2 · note
Sher rifle: An AK-203 variant produced with fully localized Indian components. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Space technology convergence includes AI, quantum tech, robotics, semiconductors, and high-performance computing. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Space debris and cybersecurity are identified as key future challenges in space exploration. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Gaganyaan: India's first human spaceflight mission to send humans into orbit. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
CSIR-NIDSA: National Institute of Data Science and AI, focused on high-performance computing. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Apollo 15: The third manned mission to the Moon, launched in 1971. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
The project includes a 6.74-km-long bridge and causeway. · 23 Aug · GS2 · note
Gaganyaan: India's first human spaceflight mission aimed at sending astronauts into orbit. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
PSLV: Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, a workhorse rocket for ISRO's satellite missions. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
ISRO: Indian Space Research Organisation, the national space agency of India. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Agrophotovoltaics (APV): A dual-use land system where solar panels are installed above agricultural crops. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Blue Economy refers to the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth. · 23 Aug · GS3 · note
Deepfakes: AI-generated synthetic media used to create realistic but fake images or videos. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Robotic surgery: A form of minimally invasive surgery where a surgeon controls a robotic arm to perform precise movements. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
The proposal specifically addresses influencer-led promotions and digital/social media marketing of securities. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
In-orbit servicing: A growing application in the space economy · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
ISRO: Space agency under the Department of Space, Ministry of New and Space Commission · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) is India's first large-scale commercial nuclear power station. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
TAPS was built in 1964 with equipment from General Electric and Bechtel. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Major global nuclear accidents including Three Mile Island (1979), Chernobyl (1986), and Fukushima (2011) influenced safety upgrades. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Starlink: A satellite constellation operated by SpaceX for global internet access. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
ESA Swarm: A constellation of small satellites used to study Earth's magnetic field and ionosphere. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Tomography: A method used in this study to map 2D geographic variations in atmospheric density. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-powered models are being utilized to monitor and predict groundwater depletion and climate impacts. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
El Nino is a climate pattern associated with rainfall deficits in parts of the world · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Chang'e-7: China's lunar mission to explore ice in the Shackleton Crater. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Shackleton Crater: Located at the lunar south pole, a primary site for potential water ice. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Chandrayaan-3: India's mission that successfully landed near the lunar south pole. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine is primarily used to prevent cervical cancer · 22 Aug · GS2 · note
Hawkish Policy: A monetary policy stance that favors higher interest rates to combat inflation. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-based surveillance: Uses machine learning algorithms to identify patterns or behaviors in real-time. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
The cooperation focuses on defence industry and research and development (R&D). · 22 Aug · GS2 · note
KEO: India's first home-made AI personal computer. · 22 Aug · GS3 · note
Domestic digital platforms: Recommended for data safety and governance reforms. · 21 Aug · GS2 · note
UPI (Unified Payments Interface) is a real-time payment system developed by NPCI. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
ENSO: El Niño-Southern Oscillation is a natural climate cycle involving the warming of surface waters in the tropical Pacific. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
The system utilizes data integration and automated reports for tax scrutiny and litigation management. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
AI impact: Shift from billable hours to performance-based pricing models · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
Digital Intelligence Platform (DIP): A platform used by DoT to verify subscriber data and SIM limits. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño: A climate pattern characterized by the warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
FCNR(B): Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Bank) scheme allows non-residents to deposit funds in foreign currency. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
Air taxis and pods are proposed as modes for future urban mobility. · 21 Aug · GS2 · note
Apostillisation: A form of authentication for documents to be used in countries that are members of the Hague Convention. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
Agentic AI refers to AI systems capable of autonomous goal-oriented actions. · 21 Aug · GS3 · note
El Nino: A climate pattern characterized by the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 20 Aug · GS2 · note
Collective deterrence: A military strategy where multiple nations agree to deter aggression through mutual defense. · 20 Aug · GS2 · note
Thermosphere: The layer of the atmosphere above the mesosphere where satellites orbit. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Solar Activity: Increased solar activity leads to atmospheric expansion, increasing drag on low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
TechLeap Prize: A NASA programme designed to foster innovation in space technology and orbital safety. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Fram2: A space mission launched in March 2025 to test medical technologies in orbit. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Dragon spacecraft: The vehicle used to transport crew and cargo to the International Space Station (ISS). · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
UPI: A real-time payment system developed by NPCI. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Cold plasma technology: A state of ionized gas used for sterilization and surface treatment. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center: Primary center for space vehicle development and research. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Auction-based system: A mechanism used to determine the closing price of stocks to align with global standards. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Microfossils dating back 3.497 billion years indicate early life forms. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Spectroscopic methods were used to analyze biological traces in volcanic ash. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
ASV (Anti-Snake Venom) is the primary treatment for venomous snakebites. · 20 Aug · GS2 · note
Portfolio Management Services (PMS): A professional management of an individual's investment portfolio. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
A modern laboratory costing ₹2 crore will be established for artifact analysis. · 20 Aug · GS1 · note
mRNA technology: uses messenger RNA to instruct cells to produce specific proteins to trigger an immune response. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Melanoma: A type of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-based CCTV installations planned for tourism security · 20 Aug · GS2 · note
Social media platforms are being leveraged for radicalization and terror recruitment. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Technical issues on airline websites can lead to service disruptions in online booking and check-in systems. · 20 Aug · GS3 · note
Zhuque-3: A rocket developed by the private Chinese firm LandSpace. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
Reusable rockets: Spacecraft designed to be launched multiple times to reduce costs and increase efficiency. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-enabled Building Management System: Planned for Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital in collaboration with IIT. · 19 Aug · GS2 · note
Olavius algarvensis: A marine worm species capable of breaking down polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
PHAs: Natural polymers produced by microorganisms that serve as a basis for bioplastics. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
PNG is a cleaner and safer alternative to LPG cylinders for domestic use. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO): A NASA spacecraft designed to map the lunar surface. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
KPLO: Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter, used by the Korean space agency to share initial images. · 19 Aug · GS3 · note
Nuclear Safeguards: Measures taken to verify that nuclear materials are not diverted to weapons. · 19 Aug · GS2 · note
SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures) are established protocols to ensure consistency in administrative and legal actions. · 19 Aug · GS2 · note
CBAM: A carbon tax on carbon-intensive products imported into the EU. · 19 Aug · GS2 · note
Proposed safety measures include mandatory sprinklers and smoke detectors in high-risk buildings. · 19 Aug · GS1 · note
ANPR: Automatic Number Plate Recognition cameras used for speed and registration monitoring · 19 Aug · GS2 · note
CBAM: A carbon tax imposed by the EU on carbon-intensive products imported from outside the bloc. · 18 Aug · GS2 · note
FRS (Facial Recognition Systems) use biometric data to identify individuals in real-time or from images. · 18 Aug · GS2 · note
El Niño: A climate pattern describing the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño is associated with disruptions in global precipitation, often causing droughts in some regions and floods in others. · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
Unitree Robotics: A Chinese company specializing in humanoid and quadruped robots. · 18 Aug · GS2 · note
CSAM: Child Sexual Abuse Material, a primary focus of automated detection tools and human review systems. · 18 Aug · GS2 · note
Indrajaal Ranger system is an indigenous drone defence technology · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
CAS: A mechanism used by SEBI to determine the closing prices of specific stocks through an auction process. · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
MQ-9B Sea Guardian: A High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) remotely piloted aircraft system · 18 Aug · GS2 · note
QpiAI: A deep-tech firm based in Bengaluru focusing on quantum processor manufacturing. · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
Quantum Supremacy: The point where a quantum computer can perform a calculation that is practically impossible for a classical computer. · 18 Aug · GS3 · note
AI is being utilized for the creation and delivery of digital educational content · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Carbon Capture: Technology to capture CO2 emissions from industrial sources to reduce greenhouse gas impact. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Security features include dynamic random color changes on endorsements and QR codes on every page. · 17 Aug · GS2 · note
MQ-9B SeaGuardian: A maritime surveillance drone capable of long-range operations. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
IMD (India Meteorological Department) is the official agency for forecasting tropical cyclones and depressions in the Bay of Bengal. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Ethanol blending is a key component of India's biofuel policy to reduce crude oil imports. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Z4 'manta ray' is a long-haul aircraft designed for 30-50% fuel efficiency improvement. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
The Jet1 demonstrator's first flight is scheduled for 2027, with commercial operations targeted for the early 2030s. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño is a climate pattern characterized by the warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Naphtha conversion is used as an alternative feedstock for LPG production · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
The agreement is modeled after NATO's Article 5, which mandates collective defence. · 17 Aug · GS2 · note
PAN and Aadhaar are unique identifiers used for KYC (Know Your Customer) compliance · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Generative AI: A type of AI capable of creating new content like text, images, or code. · 17 Aug · GS2 · note
Chromium (VI) or hexavalent chromium is a toxic chemical compound known to cause stomach ulcers, cancers, and severe kidney/liver damage. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Future of Life Institute: An organization focused on the long-term effects of AI and biotechnology. · 17 Aug · GS3 · note
Digital Literacy: One of the 13 new data fields added to the census questionnaire. · 16 Aug · GS1 · note
CMEs (Coronal Mass Ejections) are eruptions of magnetized plasma from the sun's corona. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
NASA's HMI (Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager) and AIA (Atmospheric Imaging Assembly) are instruments used for solar observation. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
FSSAI regulates food labeling to ensure transparency regarding ingredients, nutritional value, and health claims. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) is a public-private partnership (PPP) model where the government pays the developer a portion of the project cost during construction and the rest as annuities. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST): An infrared space observatory designed to observe the first stars and galaxies. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Nature: A prominent international peer-reviewed scientific journal. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
The scheme supports both fixed and swappable battery systems for auto-rickshaws. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Neutrinos: Subatomic particles with very small mass and no electric charge. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Neutrino Oscillation: The phenomenon where neutrinos change flavors (electron, muon, tau) during flight. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
IceCube: A neutrino observatory located at the Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
KM3NET: A deep-sea neutrino telescope located in the Mediterranean Sea. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Project 75(I): A major submarine procurement programme by the Indian Navy. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Air-independent propulsion: Technology allowing submarines to operate for extended periods without surfacing. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant (KKNPP) is located in the state of Tamil Nadu. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Reactor pressure vessel erection is a key milestone in nuclear reactor construction. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Artemis Accords: A multilateral agreement for cooperation in civil space exploration. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Lunar South Pole: Targeted for exploration due to the presence of water-ice deposits in permanently shadowed craters. · 16 Aug · GS3 · note
Chitra Core: A polymer-coated Everolimus drug-eluting stent for heart health. · 16 Aug · GS2 · note
Chitra TiN: A Titanium Nitride-coated bare metal stent currently awaiting pre-clinical evaluations. · 16 Aug · GS2 · note
Drone seeding technology is used for large-scale reforestation and seed dispersal. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Copyright: Legal right granted to the creator of an original work to authorize its use · 15 Aug · GS2 · note
Inflammaging: Chronic low-grade inflammation associated with aging and neuroinflammation. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
BCG Vaccine: Traditionally used for tuberculosis, now being studied for its role in retraining innate immune cells. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Photovoltaic (PV) waste refers to discarded solar panels and related components. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
AI education is planned to be integrated into the school curriculum starting from Class 6. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
AI training target: 1 crore youth · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Focus on semiconductor manufacturing expansion · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
The Himalayan region is highly prone to landslides due to steep slopes and fragile geological structures. · 15 Aug · GS1 · note
Focus areas include semiconductor manufacturing and AI skill development. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Operation Sindoor: A 2025 security operation against Pakistan-sponsored terrorism. · 15 Aug · GS1 · note
Pax Silica: A US-led initiative aimed at establishing standards and leadership in Artificial Intelligence. · 15 Aug · GS2 · note
Critical minerals and semiconductors are identified as key resources in the global AI race. · 15 Aug · GS2 · note
Key areas of cooperation include AI, space collaboration, and critical minerals · 15 Aug · GS2 · note
Green AI refers to AI development aimed at reducing environmental impact and energy consumption. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Drone City: A dedicated infrastructure initiative by Maharashtra to foster drone manufacturing and ecosystem growth. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Loiter munitions are autonomous systems capable of hovering over a target area before striking. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Drones are being utilized for 'last-mile' connectivity in remote and hilly regions. · 15 Aug · GS3 · note
Aircraft carriers are used for power projection and maritime presence. · 15 Aug · GS2 · note
Video-based KYC: A digital onboarding process using live video to verify identity and prevent fraud. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Loiter Munition Systems: Autonomous drones designed to hover over a target area before striking. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Key focus areas for DRDO reforms include AI, semiconductors, and autonomous systems. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Aryabhata: India's first indigenous satellite launched in 1975 · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Gaganyaan: India's upcoming human spaceflight mission · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
The pact emphasizes cooperation in the defense industry for technological and military advancement. · 14 Aug · GS2 · note
ISRO: Space agency under the Department of Space, Ministry of Home Affairs · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is used to create more recyclable and durable wind turbine blades. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
The Trump administration plans to deploy Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect and monitor transshipment patterns. · 14 Aug · GS2 · note
Aditya-L1: India's first dedicated space-based observatory to study the Sun. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
Solar Corona: The outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere, which remains millions of degrees hotter than the surface. · 14 Aug · GS3 · note
PIL: Public Interest Litigation allows any public-spirited individual to file a case for the protection of public interest · 14 Aug · GS2 · note
Facial Recognition Technology (FRT) uses biometric data to identify individuals in real-time or from stored images. · 14 Aug · GS2 · note
The facility will utilize NVIDIA B300 GPUs for large-scale inference and training workloads. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
Deep Tech: Technologies based on substantial scientific advances or high-tech engineering. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
Multirole transport aircraft are designed to carry passengers, cargo, and equipment across various terrains. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
ACLS: Auto Cause List System is a technological intervention to streamline and automate the listing of cases in courts. · 13 Aug · GS2 · note
Underwriting: A process where a financial institution guarantees the sale of issued securities. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
CBG (Compressed Biogas) units are part of the integrated industrial plan for the sugar mills. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
Ilmenite is a primary mineral source for producing titanium dioxide and sponge. · 13 Aug · GS3 · note
NHAI Care Dashboard and GPS tracking are used for real-time monitoring of ambulance movements · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
Methane and CO2 are primary greenhouse gases released from thawing permafrost. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
Sangam Age: A period in ancient Tamil history characterized by the development of Sangam literature and early urban centers. · 12 Aug · GS1 · note
AI-powered CCTV cameras are being proposed for real-time monitoring of railway level crossings. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
Zoonotic diseases: Diseases that can spread from animals to humans, a risk highlighted by wildlife activists. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
LHB (Linke Hofmann Busch) coaches are designed for high-speed and safety, featuring automatic couplers and disc brakes. · 12 Aug · GS2 · note
Garbhadana Samskara: An Ayurvedic practice focusing on pre-conception health and lifestyle · 12 Aug · GS2 · note
Green ammonia and lithium batteries identified as emerging industrial sectors. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
DNA analysis was used to confirm the genetic distinctness of the new frog species. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
Holographic lasers can be used to both read and manipulate neural activity in the brain. · 12 Aug · GS4 · note
Visual cortex is the primary area of the brain responsible for processing visual information. · 12 Aug · GS4 · note
Brain organoids: 3D in vitro tissue models derived from stem cells or adult cells to mimic brain architecture. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
Cortical Labs: Research entity that demonstrated goal-directed activity in neurons connected to electrodes. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
The reform aims to reduce tracking error for passive funds. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) refers to organisms whose genetic material has been altered by humans. · 12 Aug · GS2 · note
Regulatory Sandbox: A framework that allows financial institutions to test innovative products in a live environment with regulatory oversight. · 12 Aug · GS3 · note
TRUST Initiative: A U.S.-India initiative focused on space cooperation. · 12 Aug · GS2 · note
AI 'enabled emissions' refer to greenhouse gases produced by increased fossil fuel output facilitated by AI technology. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
npj Climate Action is the journal where the research on AI's environmental impact was published. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
Skyroot Aerospace: A private Indian space-tech company. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
Telemetry: The automated-transmission of data from a spacecraft to a ground station. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
NASA's Moon Base program targets the lunar South Pole for exploration. · 11 Aug · GS2 · note
TRUST Initiative: A framework for US-India cooperation in space technology and data sharing. · 11 Aug · GS2 · note
Model Distillation: A technique where a smaller model is trained to mimic the behavior of a larger, more complex model. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
AI Vulnerabilities: Risks include the extraction of hidden reasoning and recovery of private credentials like API keys. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and cognitive impairment. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
The study identified 766 genes associated with schizophrenia, with 641 being previously unknown. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
The redevelopment model utilizes high-rise construction up to 45 meters tall. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
C2PA: A technical standard for content provenance and authenticity. · 11 Aug · GS3 · note
Shadow fleet: A term for vessels used to bypass international sanctions on oil and commodities. · 11 Aug · GS2 · note
Digital evaluation involves scanning answer scripts and using unique login IDs for evaluators · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
SEBI Check and Validated UPI handles are tools introduced to verify payments and trading apps. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Nuclear weapons are identified as a 'last resort' in the context of the escalating Ukraine conflict. · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
Safe-harbour: Legal protection for intermediaries from liability for user-generated content. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Tunneling is being considered as a long-term engineering solution to river erosion and landslide-prone terrain. · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
Canal-top solar plants are designed to limit algae growth and conserve land resources. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
SANS: Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome is a condition affecting vision in astronauts. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Siloton: A British startup developing quantum-based eye-scanning technology. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
ESA: The European Space Agency is the primary body investigating space-related ocular health. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Centralised surveillance frameworks typically involve the integration of CCTV, drone monitoring, and real-time data sharing. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Official maps are used by the Survey of India to define sovereign boundaries and administrative names. · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
Fastest growing EV sub-sectors: Battery manufacturing, infrastructure, and recycling · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Zoonotic diseases: Diseases that can spread from animals to humans. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): A common laboratory technique used to detect antibodies or antigens. · 10 Aug · GS3 · note
Traceability in the dairy supply chain involves linking production data to individual milch animals. · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) involves the safe handling and disposal of explosive devices and mines · 10 Aug · GS2 · note
NEERI-ZAR: Water purification technology capable of producing 2,500 litres/hour without electricity · 9 Aug · GS3 · note
IRGC: The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps is a branch of the Iranian Armed Forces. · 9 Aug · GS2 · note
Deepfakes: Synthetic media in which a person in an existing image or video is replaced with someone else's likeness. · 9 Aug · GS3 · note
FFSC: Full-Flow Staged Combustion is a high-efficiency rocket engine cycle. · 9 Aug · GS3 · note
The EVEREST engine utilizes LOX (Liquid Oxygen) and Methane as propellants. · 9 Aug · GS3 · note
ASV (Anti-Snake Venom) is the primary treatment for envenomation · 9 Aug · GS2 · note
Semiconductors and AI are identified as core pillars for India-Japan technological collaboration · 9 Aug · GS2 · note
Farmguard: An AI-driven digital sentry system using multi-frequency acoustic defense. · 9 Aug · GS3 · note
The app utilizes geo-tagged assets for real-time monitoring of drinking water schemes. · 9 Aug · GS2 · note
Right to be Forgotten: A legal concept allowing individuals to request the removal of personal data from internet searches. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
E20 petrol is a fuel blend containing 20% ethanol and 80% gasoline. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Danuri: A lunar orbiter developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI). · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Sodium and lithium were detected as chemical signatures of the lunar surface impact. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
CAS (Closing Auction Session): A mechanism used to determine the closing price of eligible F&O stocks to reduce last-minute trading swings. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Terror networks are increasingly utilizing online platforms for radicalization and recruitment. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Plan Space 2.0: A digital tool for tracking capital projects geographically. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
India's conservation strategy emphasizes science-based conservation and community participation. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
Semiconductors (chips) are essential components for modern electronics and AI infrastructure. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Facial Recognition Technology (FRT): Uses biometric data to identify individuals from images or videos. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
Precision Oncology: A medical treatment approach that uses genomic profiling to tailor cancer treatment to an individual's genetic makeup. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Genomic Solutions: Technologies used to analyze an individual's genome to identify genetic variations and their potential health impacts. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-enabled X-ray systems: Used in this project specifically for the early detection of lung cancer. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
e-RaktKosh: A national platform for blood bank management and information sharing. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
6th-generation fighter aircraft: Advanced aircraft featuring AI, autonomous systems, and advanced sensors. · 8 Aug · GS2 · note
Greywater recycling: A mandated practice for large-scale data centers to manage water stress. · 8 Aug · GS3 · note
Deepfakes: Synthetic media in which a person in an existing image or video is replaced with someone else's likeness using AI. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Unitary Model: Universities under this bill cannot affiliate colleges but can establish regional centres. · 7 Aug · GS2 · note
Bacteriophages: Viruses that specifically infect and replicate within bacteria. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Evo 1 and Evo 2: AI models developed for computational biology to identify evolutionary patterns. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Phi X-174: A bacteriophage used as a reference for infecting Escherichia coli (E. coli). · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
The project aims to link India, Myanmar, and Thailand to enhance regional trade and connectivity. · 7 Aug · GS2 · note
AI is being utilized by corporations to drive operational efficiency and reduce headcount. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
e-Zero FIR is a digital initiative to allow filing of first information reports online for crimes like cyber fraud. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Meta Platforms Inc. is the parent company of WhatsApp. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Water contamination and flooding are identified as secondary consequences of poor urban water governance. · 7 Aug · GS1 · note
Handloom sector: A significant contributor to rural employment and traditional craftsmanship in India. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
ISS: A modular space station in low Earth orbit where multiple nations conduct scientific research. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
NASA: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the primary space agency of the United States. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Key export products include KAL drones, precision munitions, electronics, and autonomous systems. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Kimi K3 is an AI model developed by Moonshot AI. · 7 Aug · GS3 · note
Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) is a technology to capture CO₂ emissions and repurpose them into useful products. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Hydrogen bond disruption in liquid environments is a key mechanism to reduce competing reactions in CO₂ conversion. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
SH-15: A wheeled self-propelled howitzer designed for high mobility and rapid fire. · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
Maritime security in the strait involves monitoring of shipping lanes and coastal state rights. · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
LCA Mk1A: Light Combat Aircraft, a multi-role fighter aircraft developed by HAL. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
HTT-40: A basic trainer aircraft designed for the Indian Air Force. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Sandbox environment: An isolated computing environment used to run untested code or applications safely. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Muse Spark 1.1: An AI model associated with Meta's recent cybersecurity disclosure. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Deepfakes: Synthetic media in which a person in an image or video is replaced by someone else using AI. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Security Operations Centre (SOC): A centralized facility used to monitor and respond to cybersecurity threats. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Hugging Face: A popular open-source platform for machine learning and AI models. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Artifactory: A repository manager used for managing software packages and dependencies. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
A Sports Science Centre is to be established at the Rajgir Campus. · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
AI misconfigurations can lead to unauthorized access to external networks. · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
OpenAI, Meta, and Anthropic are major developers of Large Language Models (LLMs). · 6 Aug · GS3 · note
Hub-and-Spoke model: A healthcare delivery system where a central 'hub' (specialized hospital) supports several 'spokes' (smaller clinics/hospitals). · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
The scheme utilizes an AI-enabled planning approval system to streamline development. · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
Paperless system: A digital governance model aimed at reducing physical paperwork and corruption. · 6 Aug · GS2 · note
E20 fuel: A blend of 20% ethanol and 80% gasoline. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Deepfakes: Synthetic media created using AI to replace a person's likeness or voice. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Maritime security in the Strait is vital for global energy supply chains. · 5 Aug · GS2 · note
UPI: A real-time payment system developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño and climate change are identified as primary drivers for extreme monsoon patterns. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
AI-generated content can be used to create deepfakes or defamatory material automatically. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
AISI: AI Security Institute is the body reporting on AI safety test failures. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
GitHub: An open-source platform where AI models attempted to insert malicious code. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Blockchain: A decentralized, distributed ledger technology used here to ensure data integrity and prevent tampering. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
AI: Artificial Intelligence proposed to monitor and secure the examination process. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Bond Yields: The return an investor receives on a bond, influenced by interest rates and risk · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Hexavalent vaccine: A single vaccine providing protection against six different diseases. · 5 Aug · GS2 · note
OpenAI and Anthropic are prominent private companies specializing in Large Language Models (LLMs). · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Halobacteriovorax: A predatory bacterium used to combat coral diseases. · 5 Aug · GS3 · note
Hexavalent vaccine: A single vaccine providing protection against six different pathogens. · 4 Aug · GS2 · note
Paris Agreement: International treaty aimed at limiting global warming to well below 2°C, preferably 1.5°C. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Tropical forests are identified as crucial carbon sinks facing deforestation and warming pressures. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
AI (Artificial Intelligence) refers to the simulation of human intelligence by machines. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Mistral AI: A French artificial intelligence company known for open-weight models. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Open-source AI: Models where the weights and architecture are publicly accessible for modification. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Carbfix: A carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology that turns CO2 into stone. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Basalt rock: The specific geological formation used for mineral carbonation. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
Jaivik Bharat: A certification/logo related to organic food standards in India. · 4 Aug · GS3 · note
India Heat Index: A tool used to quantify heat stress and its impact on human health. · 4 Aug · GS2 · note
AMR: Antimicrobial Resistance refers to the ability of microbes to resist drugs. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
CRISPR Cas9: A gene-editing tool that allows precise changes to DNA sequences. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Methylmercury: A potent neurotoxin that biomagnifies in marine food chains. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Ingenuity: The first aircraft to achieve powered, controlled flight on another planet (Mars). · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Mars 2020 mission: The NASA mission that deployed both the Perseverance rover and the Ingenuity helicopter. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Tetrodotoxin is a potent neurotoxin used by certain species as a chemical defense. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Denuclearization: The process of removing nuclear weapons and materials from a country. · 3 Aug · GS2 · note
ITQ-2 Metal Oxy-Hydroxide Composite Material is a multifunctional catalyst for fuel production. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
The technology utilizes both acidic and redox properties in a single material for enhanced efficiency. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
FCNR(B) stands for Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Bank) deposits. · 3 Aug · GS3 · note
Enterprise AI deployment is driving demand for data engineering, cybersecurity, and cloud integration · 2 Aug · GS3 · note
Quantum computing uses qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously unlike classical bits. · 2 Aug · GS3 · note
PNAS: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. · 2 Aug · GS3 · note
Geo-tagging: The process of adding geographical identification metadata to digital content like photos or map pins. · 2 Aug · GS3 · note
Chaukhandi Stupa is a significant Buddhist monument associated with the first sermon of Gautama Buddha. · 2 Aug · GS1 · note
Iran's nuclear program is a primary focus of international security and non-proliferation monitoring. · 2 Aug · GS2 · note
The system utilizes CUG (Closed User Group) networks and QR codes for real-time data sharing. · 2 Aug · GS2 · note
ANPR: Automatic Number Plate Recognition uses optical character recognition (OCR) to identify vehicle plates. · 2 Aug · GS3 · note
Autism services include therapy, rehabilitation, and community-based care. · 1 Aug · GS2 · note
Model Distillation: A technique where a smaller 'student' model is trained to mimic the behavior of a larger 'teacher' model. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
OpenAI and Anthropic: US-based companies specializing in Large Language Models (LLMs). · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
Brown Dwarf: A substellar object more massive than a planet but less massive than a star. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
CRIRES+: An infrared spectrograph used for high-resolution observations of celestial bodies. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
Current UN guidelines on space debris are non-binding. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
No current regulations mandate materials that fully disintegrate during re-entry. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
OpenAI: An American artificial intelligence research laboratory. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
Hugging Face: A popular open-source community and platform for machine learning models. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
Iranian energy infrastructure includes power stations and refineries targeted in potential military actions. · 1 Aug · GS2 · note
ISRO's target for an indigenous space station is 2035 · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
ISRO's target for a Moon landing is 2040 · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
El Niño: A climate pattern characterized by the warming of surface waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. · 1 Aug · GS2 · note
Danuri: South Korea's lunar orbiter used for lunar exploration. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note
Einstein Crater: A specific lunar geographic feature targeted by the debris. · 1 Aug · GS3 · note

How these notes are made