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India-Pakistan Relations for UPSC
41 notes · updated 11 Oct 2026
In the news
- India's Anmol Sher Singh Bedi rebutted Pakistan at UN over Pahalgam attack deaths
Anmol Sher Singh Bedi of India rebutted Pakistan's stance on terrorism and nuclear proliferation at the UN General Assembly's First Committee, defending India's self-defence actions against a Pahalgam attack.
- India accuses Pakistan of state support for terrorism at UN General Assembly Sixth Committee
India's Permanent Mission to the UN accused Pakistan of state support for terrorism and 'doublespeak' during the UN General Assembly Sixth Committee's session on eliminating international terrorism.
- India criticises Pakistan’s ‘falsehoods’ and ‘deceit’ at UN; warns terrorism will have consequences
First Secretary Petal Gahlot criticized Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif at the UN, accusing the regime of deceit and warning of consequences for continued terrorism.
- Pakistan rallies support against India's suspension of Indus Waters Treaty
Pakistan organized an international conclave to rally support against India's suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) following a rejected Hague-based arbitration ruling.
- India Suspends Indus Waters Treaty with "Terror-Harboring" Pakistan on Independence Eve
President Droupadi Murmu announced the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) with Pakistan due to cross-border terrorism.
- Pakistan admits trained militants attack own state, India demands accountability
India condemned Pakistan's actions in PoK and highlighted admissions of internal militant attacks on Pakistan's own state.
- India Pushes Hydropower, Aims to Renegotiate Indus Waters Treaty Amid Terrorism Concerns
India is seeking to renegotiate the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) and accelerate hydropower projects on the Chenab River due to persistent cross-border terrorism from Pakistan.
- India Pauses Indus Waters Treaty, Plans 8.7 km Chenab-Beas Link Tunnel After Pahalgam Attack
India has paused the Indus Waters Treaty and initiated the Chenab-Beas Link Tunnel project following the 2025 Pahalgam terror attack to reshape river water management.
- Pakistan's Terror Threats Can't Force India to Revive Indus Waters Treaty
India reaffirmed its stance on the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) by stating that Pakistan's continued support for cross-border terrorism remains the primary hurdle to cooperation.
- Could water become a flashpoint between Islamabad and New Delhi?
Pakistan warned India against suspending participation in the Indus Water Treaty (IWT) following India's move to suspend participation over security concerns.
- 'Direct threat to regional peace': India strongly condemns Pakistan air strikes on Afghan territory
India condemned Pakistan's air strikes on Afghan territory as a threat to regional peace and an attempt to externalize internal failures.
- India calls Pakistan a ‘Frankenstein state' at U.N.; accuses it of supporting terrorism
India's Permanent Mission to the UN characterized Pakistan as a 'Frankenstein state' for hosting and training terrorists while engaging in illegal occupation.
- Indus Waters Treaty fallout? Nearly a third of Pakistan reels as Sindh, Balochistan face water crisis
Pakistan's Sindh and Balochistan provinces are facing a severe water crisis due to India's hardline stance on the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) following security tensions.
- Dressing up massacre as military operation does not absolve perpetrator: India on Pakistan at UNSC
India's Permanent Representative to the UN, Ambassador Harish Parvathaneni, condemned Pakistan at the UNSC for 'trade and transit terrorism' and military airstrikes in Afghanistan.
- India's 'Huge Responsibility' Reminder To Pakistan Over J&K Remark At UN
India's Permanent Representative to the UN, P Harish, condemned Pakistan's plan for June 7th elections in Gilgit-Baltistan as a 'false and biased narrative'.
- Indus Treaty "Suspended" Till Pak Stops Cross-Border Terrorism: Centre
India stated the Indus Water Treaty remains suspended until Pakistan stops cross-border terrorism and declared any proceedings by the Court of Arbitration null and void.
- Pakistan hails PCA's decision in IWT proceedings, says it affirms limits on India’s water-control capability
Pakistan expressed satisfaction with a supplemental award by the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) regarding the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT)
- In letter to UNSC president, Dar draws attention to 'grave' consequences of Indus Waters Treaty suspension by India
Pakistan's Permanent Representative to the UN presented a letter to the UNSC President alleging that India's unilateral suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) poses grave peace, security
- Pakistan lashes out at India for ‘weaponisation of water’ over baseless allegations at UN
Pakistan accused India at the UN of 'weaponising water' following India's unilateral suspension of the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty obligations in April 2025.
- FO rejects India’s ‘unwarranted’ statement on action against terrorist infrastructure in Afghanistan
Pakistan's Foreign Office rejected India's Ministry of External Affairs statement condemning Pakistan's airstrikes against terrorist infrastructure in Afghanistan.
- The article highlights growing tensions over the Indus Waters Treaty as Pakistan alleges Indian hydroelectric projects strain the basin
The article highlights growing tensions over the Indus Waters Treaty as Pakistan alleges Indian hydroelectric projects strain the basin, while India maintains treaty compliance.
- India slams Pakistan’s airstrikes on Afghanistan during Ramzan
India's Permanent Representative to the UN, Harish Parvathaneni, condemned Pakistan's airstrikes on Afghanistan as a violation of international law and the UN Charter.
- Pakistan, India exchange sharp words at UN Security Council over Afghanistan
Pakistan and India exchanged accusations at the UN Security Council regarding cross-border airstrikes and support for terrorist groups in Afghanistan.
- A report in DAWN.COM alleges that Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has breached the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) by diverting significant water amounts from Pakistan
A report in DAWN.COM alleges that Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has breached the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) by diverting significant water amounts from Pakistan.
- $60bn Indian plan for river storage raises alarm
Wapda Chairman Lt Gen Muhammad Saeed warned that India's $60 billion investment in river storage projects along the Jhelum and Chenab rivers could increase Pakistan's flood and drought risks.
- India condemns Pakistan's airstrikes on Afghan territory
India condemned Pakistan's airstrikes on Afghan territory, characterizing the action as an attempt to externalize internal security failures.
- With Indus Water Treaty in abeyance, Jammu and Kashmir plans to harness river waters
The Jammu & Kashmir government proposed diverting excess water from the Ravi river to drought-stricken areas and reviving the Tulbul Navigation Barrage project.
- Not normal to tolerate Pakistan’s continued use of terror as instrument of state policy: India
India's Permanent Representative to the UN, Ambassador Parvathaneni Harish, criticized Pakistan's envoy for a 'false' account of Operation Sindoor and accused Pakistan of using terrorism as an instrument of state policy.
- Pakistan to take up with India any development activity in violation of IWT: Foreign Office
Pakistan's Foreign Office spokesperson Tahir Andrabi announced that Pakistan will challenge any Indian development activities on the Chenab, Jhelum, and Neelam rivers that violate the Indus Water Treaty (IWT).
- With Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance, Manohar Lal calls for desilting of Salal project
Union Minister Manohar Lal directed the desilting of the Salal Power Project in Jammu and Kashmir to optimize water resource utilization during the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty.
- Pakistan’s 'unique way' of respecting people's will is jailing PM, giving lifetime immunity to army chief: India at UNSC
India's Permanent Representative to the UN, Ambassador Harish Parvathaneni, criticized Pakistan at the UNSC for its 'divisive agenda' and the treatment of former PM Imran Khan.
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Key facts
- Act: Indus Waters Treaty: Signed in 1960 with World Bank involvement. note →
- Place: Jammu and Kashmir: Region where India accused Pakistan of sponsoring terrorism and human rights violations.
- Place: Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir — Highlighted as an area of ongoing issues note →
- Concept: UN General Assembly First Committee: The primary forum for discussing disarmament and international security. note →
- Body: UN General Assembly First Committee: The committee responsible for disarmament and regulation of armaments
- Concept: Pakistan's 27th Amendment — Cited by India as granting lifelong immunity to Field Marshal Asim Munir note →
Practice · 4 questions
With reference to the Pahalgam attack and international security, consider the following statements:
- The Pahalgam attack resulted in the deaths of 30 civilians.
- The Indus Waters Treaty was signed in 1960 with World Bank involvement.
- The UN General Assembly First Committee is the primary forum for discussing trade and agriculture.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)1 only
- (b)2 only
- (c)3 only
- (d)1 and 2 only
Answer
(b) 2 only — Statement 2 is correct. Statement 1 is incorrect: The attack resulted in the deaths of 26 civilians. Statement 3 is incorrect: It is the primary forum for discussing disarmament and international security. Note →
With reference to the UN General Assembly First Committee, consider the following statements:
- The committee is responsible for the regulation of armaments and disarmament.
- Operation Sindoor was an Indian military operation conducted in May 2024.
- India delivered a Right of Reply during the First Committee proceedings.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)1 only
- (b)1 and 3 only
- (c)2 and 3 only
- (d)1, 2 and 3
Answer
(b) 1 and 3 only — Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is incorrect: The note states it was conducted in May 2025. Note →
With reference to India's recent diplomatic actions at the UN, consider the following statements:
- India accused Pakistan of human rights violations in Jammu and Kashmir.
- A delegation of 20 Members of Parliament accompanied Mahima Kumari Mewar to the UN.
- India delivered a Right of Reply at the UN General Assembly Fourth Committee.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)2 only
- (b)1 and 2 only
- (c)1 and 3 only
- (d)1, 2 and 3
Answer
(c) 1 and 3 only — Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is incorrect: The note states a delegation of 15 Members of Parliament accompanied her. Note →
Which amendment to Pakistan's constitution was criticized by India for granting lifelong immunity to Field Marshal Asim Munir?
- (a)30th Amendment
- (b)15th Amendment
- (c)25th Amendment
- (d)27th Amendment
Answer
(d) 27th Amendment — India's Permanent Mission criticized the 27th Amendment for reportedly granting lifelong immunity to Field Marshal Asim Munir. Note →
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