The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), part of the World
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Biotechnology & health research· Prelims·
Why in news
The IARC (part of WHO) classified three common medicines as carcinogenic to humans, highlighting the need for balanced risk-benefit analysis in pharmacology.
Background
On August 4, 2026, the IARC classified hydrochlorothiazide (hypertension), voriconazole (fungal infections), and tacrolimus (organ transplant rejection) as carcinogenic. These drugs are included in the WHO's essential medicines list.
Facts for Prelims
- BodyIARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer, a specialized agency of the WHO.
- FactHydrochlorothiazide is used to treat hypertension.
- FactVoriconazole is used to treat fungal infections.
- FactTacrolimus is used to prevent organ transplant rejection.
For Mains
Q. Discuss the challenges in balancing the accessibility of essential medicines with the long-term safety risks associated with carcinogenic side effects.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- public health safety
- regulatory oversight
- patient-doctor communication
- WHO essential medicines list
Keywords: carcinogenic · pharmacovigilance · essential medicines · risk-benefit analysis
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