El Niño 80% likely, will trigger extreme temperature and rainfall: UN agency

Why in news

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) issued a warning that an 80% likely El Niño development during June-August will trigger extreme global temperature and rainfall patterns.

Background

The WMO stated that the ENSO phase is currently neutral but showing signs of approaching El Niño conditions. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres characterized El Niño as a 'climate warning' for a warming world.

Facts for Prelims

• FactThe WMO reported an 80% certainty of El Niño development during the June-August period.
• S&TThe Relative Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is used to determine the phase of ENSO.
• BodyThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is the UN agency responsible for monitoring global weather patterns.

For Mains

Q. Discuss how the increasing frequency and intensity of El Niño events pose a threat to global climate stability and food security.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

• Hydrological volatility: Erratic monsoon patterns and extreme rainfall leading to localized flooding and droughts
• Agricultural vulnerability: Heat stress and moisture stress affecting crop yields in El Niño-sensitive regions

Keywords: ENSO · Climate Resilience · Meteorological Monitoring · Extreme Weather Events

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