Rights on paper
GS2Polity · Governance · IR· Vulnerable sections (SC/ST, minorities, disabled, elderly, children)· Mains·
Why in news
The World Bank's Women, Business and the Law 2026 report highlighted a significant gap between legislative intent and actual enforcement of women's economic rights in Pakistan and globally.
Background
The report indicates a global average legislation score of 67/100, while enforcement scores only 53/100. Pakistan specifically scored 46.68 in legal frameworks, 50.68 in supportive frameworks, and 27.35 in enforcement perceptions.
Facts for Prelims
- Report / IndexWomen, Business and the Law 2026: A World Bank report measuring legal frameworks for women's economic participation.
- FactPakistan's enforcement perceptions score: 27.35.
- FactGlobal average legislation score for women's economic participation: 67 out of 100.
For Mains
Q. Analyze the structural and institutional barriers that prevent the translation of legislative gender equality into actual economic participation for women in developing economies.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Enforcement deficit: Lack of specialized courts and regulatory bodies to penalize gender-based economic discrimination.
- Infrastructure gap: Inadequate state-sponsored childcare and accessible justice systems hindering female labor force participation.
- Institutional inertia: Need for political will to align fiscal policies with gender-inclusive economic reforms.
Keywords: Gender parity · Legislative vs. Enforcement · Economic participation · Structural barriers · Institutional reform
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