NWEA: A wildlife association that helped conserve the Nilgiris’ biodiversity
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Biodiversity & conservation· Prelims + Mains·
Why in news
The Nilgiri Wildlife And Environment Association (NWEA) is being discussed for its historical role in Nilgiri biodiversity conservation and current efforts to revive the group.
Background
The NWEA was founded in colonial India to combat unregulated hunting. It contributed to the Nilgiri Game and Fish Preservation Act of 1879 and the creation of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, and Mukurthi National Park.
Facts for Prelims
- PlaceNilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, and Mukurthi National Park are located in the Nilgiris.
- FactThe Nilgiri Game and Fish Preservation Act was established in 1879.
- EnvironmentNWEA contributed to the conservation of the Sigur Elephant Corridor.
- S&TNWEA contributed to the introduction of electric fences in India.
For Mains
Q. Discuss the role of civil society organizations in biodiversity conservation and the importance of historical legislative frameworks in protecting wildlife corridors.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Institutional friction: Conflict between community-led conservation groups and district administration oversight
- Habitat connectivity: Importance of corridors like Sigur for elephant migration and genetic diversity
- Legislative evolution: Transition from colonial-era preservation acts to modern biosphere reserve management
Keywords: Biodiversity conservation · Civil society · Wildlife corridors · Biosphere Reserve · Community-led conservation
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