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SatyaDheesh
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VOL. I · EST. 11.2025 
SatyaDheesh
सत्याधीश
India's Ground Truth Record
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The Hindu UPSC Notes — 25 March 2026

8 exam-relevant reports from The Hindu, as UPSC notes · GS1 1 · GS2 4 · GS3 3

All notes of this day (every source) →PDFs →

GS1 · History · Society · Geography · 1

GS1History & Culture › Heritage sites, UNESCO & GI tagsPrelims + Mains

Allahabad HC issues notice to Union government, state and ASI on dilapidated condition of various heritage sites in U.P.

Why in news: The Allahabad High Court issued a notice to the Union Government, UP State Government, and ASI regarding the dilapidated condition of heritage sites in Uttar Pradesh following a PIL by advocate Akash Vashishtha.

The court issued notices to the Union Ministries of Culture, Tourism, and Housing and Urban Affairs, the ASI, the National Monuments Authority, and the State Archaeology Department. The petition relied on data from the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) regarding neglected structures.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • BodyINTACH: Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage is a non-profit organization for heritage conservation.
  • BodyNational Monuments Authority: Body responsible for the protection and preservation of monuments.
  • PlaceAllahabad High Court: The judicial body overseeing the petition in Uttar Pradesh.
Mains angle

Q. Discuss the institutional and logistical challenges in preserving India's decaying heritage sites and suggest measures to ensure their long-term conservation.

  • Inter-agency friction: Overlapping jurisdictions between ASI, State Archaeology Departments, and Urban Development bodies.
  • Funding deficit: Inadequate budgetary allocation for the maintenance of non-monumental heritage structures.
  • Urban encroachment: Rapid urbanization and lack of buffer zones threatening the structural integrity of historical sites.

Keywords: Heritage Conservation · Public Interest Litigation · Cultural Preservation · Institutional Accountability · Urban Encroachment

GS2 · Polity · Governance · IR · 4

GS2Social Justice › Vulnerable sections (SC/ST, minorities, disabled, elderly, children)Prelims + Mains

Two members from National Council for Transgender Persons resign, citing ‘regressive’ Amendment Bill

Why in news: Two members of the National Council for Transgender Persons (NCTP) resigned in protest against the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026, alleging it undermines gender self-determination.

The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026 was passed by the Lok Sabha on March 24, 2026. The bill removes the right to self-determination of gender and introduces new restrictions on transgender qualification.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • BodyNational Council for Transgender Persons (NCTP) is the body from which the members resigned.
  • FactThe Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill 2026 removes the right to self-determination of gender.
  • FactThe bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on March 24, 2026.
Mains angle

Q. Critically examine the conflict between legislative measures and the right to self-determination for transgender individuals in India.

  • Constitutional conflict: Right to dignity vs. state-defined eligibility criteria
  • Democratic deficit: Lack of meaningful consultation with marginalized communities in legislative drafting
  • Identity autonomy: Impact of removing self-determination on the fundamental rights of transgender persons

Keywords: Self-determination · Gender Identity · Marginalized Communities · Legislative Consultation · Right to Dignity

GS2Polity & Constitution › Parliament & state legislaturesPrelims

Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kiren Rijiju announced the continuation of the Budget session and the schedule for the Central Armed Police Forces (General Administration) Bill, 2026

Why in news: Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kiren Rijiju announced the continuation of the Budget session and the schedule for the Central Armed Police Forces (General Administration) Bill, 2026.

The Budget session will continue until April 2, with a closure on March 31 for Mahavir Jayanti. The Business Advisory Committee allocated seven hours for the debate on the Central Armed Police Forces (General Administration) Bill, 2026.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • BodyBusiness Advisory Committee: Body responsible for allocating time for debates and business in Parliament
  • FactCentral Armed Police Forces (General Administration) Bill, 2026: Subject of a seven-hour debate in the Lok Sabha
  • FactParliamentary schedule: Closed on March 31 for Mahavir Jayanti
Mains angle

Q. Discuss the significance of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) in enhancing the ease of doing business and improving debt recovery mechanisms in India.

  • Creditor-debtor dynamics: Shift from protracted litigation to time-bound insolvency resolution
  • Economic stability: Impact of IBC on minimizing non-performing assets (NPAs) in the banking sector

Keywords: Parliamentary proceedings · Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code · Debt recovery · Legislative debate · Budget session

GS2Social Justice › Health policy & public healthPrelims + Mains

Venues serving liquor must initiate rigorous age verification protocols, says Karnataka High Court

Why in news: The Karnataka High Court ruled that liquor establishments must implement rigorous age verification protocols, including a second round of verification for individuals appearing underage

The High Court of Karnataka held management accountable for lapses in compliance with liquor laws. The ruling follows an incident where minors were allegedly allowed to consume alcohol at Legacy Brewing Company, resulting in the death of a 15-year-old boy.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • PlaceKarnataka High Court: Judicial body in the state of Karnataka
  • FactAge of victim: 15-year-old boy
  • BodyLegacy Brewing Company: Establishment involved in the age verification lapse
Mains angle

Q. Examine the role of judicial intervention in enforcing public health and safety norms regarding the sale of alcohol to minors in India.

  • Regulatory gap: Lack of standardized age-verification technology in private liquor establishments
  • Accountability framework: Legal liability of private entities for public health violations
  • Moral vs Legal: Balancing commercial freedom with the state's duty to protect minors

Keywords: Judicial oversight · Public health safety · Regulatory compliance · Age verification · Accountability

GS2Social Justice › Health policy & public healthPrelims + Mains

Centre intensifies regulatory surveillance over GLP-1 weight loss drugs

Why in news: The Drugs Controller of India intensified regulatory surveillance and issued a Health Ministry advisory to curb the unauthorized sale and promotion of GLP-1 weight loss drugs.

The Health Ministry prohibited surrogate advertisements and indirect promotion of GLP-1 drugs. Audits and inspections were conducted at 49 entities across India to ensure these drugs are only used under prescription from specialists like endocrinologists and cardiologists.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • BodyDrugs Controller of India: The primary regulatory body overseeing drug surveillance and safety.
  • Fact49 entities across India were audited and inspected for unauthorized drug promotion.
  • S&TGLP-1 drugs: Medications approved for specific indications requiring prescriptions from endocrinologists, internal medicine specialists, or cardiologists.
Mains angle

Q. Discuss the challenges in regulating the pharmaceutical market in India, specifically regarding the unauthorized promotion of prescription-only drugs for lifestyle conditions.

  • Regulatory gap: Difficulty in monitoring surrogate advertising and indirect promotion of prescription-only medications.
  • Public health risk: Potential for severe side effects due to self-medication without specialist supervision.
  • Market oversight: Need for robust audit mechanisms to monitor pharmaceutical distribution chains.

Keywords: Regulatory surveillance · Surrogate advertising · Patient safety · Prescription-only drugs · Pharmaceutical oversight

GS3 · Economy · S&T · Environment · Security · 3

GS3Economy › Infrastructure (energy, ports, roads, railways)Prelims + Mains

Govt clears ₹28,840 crore revamped UDAN scheme; offers support for airport operations, shifts airline subsidy burden to exchequer

Why in news: The Indian government approved a revamped UDAN scheme with a ₹28,840 crore budget to develop 100 airports and support 441 aerodromes, shifting airline subsidy burdens to the exchequer.

The government allocated ₹28,840 crore for the expanded UDAN scheme to develop 100 airports from unserved airstrips. Additionally, ₹3,661 crore was earmarked for 200 helipads to enhance last-mile connectivity in remote regions.

Prelims pointers (4)
  • FactTotal budget for the revamped UDAN scheme is ₹28,840 crore.
  • FactThe scheme aims to develop 100 airports from unserved airstrips.
  • FactThe government allocated ₹3,661 crore for 200 helipads.
  • FactThe scheme supports operations for approximately 441 aerodromes.
Mains angle

Q. Discuss how the expansion of the UDAN scheme and investment in helipads can facilitate regional connectivity and promote balanced economic growth in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.

  • Fiscal sustainability: Balancing direct government subsidies for airline operations against long-term infrastructure maintenance costs
  • Last-mile connectivity: Integrating multi-modal transport via helipads to reach geographically isolated and remote regions

Keywords: Regional Connectivity · Last-mile Connectivity · Fiscal Allocation · Tier-2 and Tier-3 Development · Infrastructure Expansion

GS3Economy › Fiscal policy, budget & taxation (GST)Prelims + Mains

Income Tax Act 2025 cash rules explained: What are the key changes proposed?

Why in news: The Government of India notified the Income Tax Rules 2026 to be implemented alongside the Income Tax Act, 2025, aiming to simplify the tax process and foster taxpayer trust.

The new rules take effect on April 1, 2026, and introduce a unified 'Tax Year' along with redesigned ITR forms. Key changes include increased education allowance deductions and higher thresholds for PAN quoting requirements.

Prelims pointers (4)
  • FactIncome Tax Rules 2026 become effective from April 1, 2026
  • FactThe rules are implemented alongside the updated Income Tax Act, 2025
  • FactChanges include a unified 'Tax Year' and redesigned ITR forms
  • FactThe rules include higher thresholds for PAN quoting requirements and increased education allowance deductions
Mains angle

Q. Discuss how simplifying tax rules and administrative empathy can enhance tax compliance and foster trust between the taxpayer and the state.

  • Administrative efficiency: Balancing rigorous stock exchange compliance with simplified reporting for individual taxpayers
  • Trust-building: Reducing procedural friction to improve voluntary compliance and ease of doing business

Keywords: Tax Compliance · Fiscal Policy · Ease of Doing Business · Administrative Empathy · Tax Administration

GS3Internal Security › Left-wing extremismPrelims + Mains

Deputy Chief Minister Vijay Sharma announced that 96% of the Bastar region is free from Maoist activity and that 400 security camps will be converted into development centers

Why in news: Deputy Chief Minister Vijay Sharma announced that 96% of the Bastar region is free from Maoist activity and that 400 security camps will be converted into development centers.

Papa Rao and 17 other Maoists surrendered in Chhattisgarh, with the Bastar Police recovering weapons and cash. The Deputy Chief Minister stated that approximately 400 security camps will be converted into centers for education, healthcare, and employment.

Prelims pointers (3)
  • Fact96% of the Bastar region is reported as free from Maoist activity.
  • FactApproximately 400 security camps are slated for conversion into development centers.
  • PlaceBastar region is located in Chhattisgarh.
Mains angle

Q. Discuss the strategy of converting security infrastructure into development centers as a tool for countering Left-Wing Extremism in India's tribal heartlands.

  • Developmental shift: Transitioning from kinetic security operations to socio-economic infrastructure to address root causes of insurgency
  • Institutional transition: Challenges in repurposing military-style security camps into public service hubs for healthcare and education

Keywords: Left-Wing Extremism · Internal Security · Developmental Model · Counter-insurgency · Socio-economic integration

Earlier days

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These are SatyaDheesh's own UPSC notes, written from reports published in The Hindu. SatyaDheesh is not affiliated with The Hindu. Every note links to the original report; read it in full on thehindu.com. How these notes are made