India had a $90 billion defence bill in 2025. Only 4 countries spent more
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Terrorism & insurgency (J&K, North-East)· Prelims + Mains·
Why in news
SIPRI reported that India's military spending reached $92.1 billion in 2025, ranking fifth globally, while noting a cyber-enabled military crisis between India and Pakistan.
Background
India spent $92.1 billion on its military in 2025. Global military spending reached a record $2.9 trillion in 2025, with the US spending $954 billion. The nine largest nuclear weapon states held 12,187 warheads at the start of 2026.
Facts for Prelims
- BodySIPRI: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- FactIndia's 2025 military spending: $92.1 billion
- FactGlobal military spending in 2025: $2.9 trillion
- FactUS military spending in 2025: $954 billion
For Mains
Q. Discuss the implications of increasing global military expenditure and the integration of cyber warfare in regional conflicts like the India-Pakistan standoff.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Cyber-kinetic convergence: Integration of cyberattacks into conventional military doctrine complicates attribution and escalation management
- Fiscal trade-offs: Balancing high defense outlays against domestic infrastructure and social development goals
- Nuclear proliferation: Risks posed by the concentration of 12,187 warheads among nine states
Keywords: Military Expenditure · Cyber Warfare · SIPRI Report · Nuclear Proliferation · Defense Doctrine
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