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VOL. I · EST. 11.2025 
SatyaDheesh
सत्याधीश
India's Ground Truth Record
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RBI to conduct ₹1 lakh crore OMO during December to inject liquidity

GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Monetary policy, RBI & banking· Prelims·

Why in news

The RBI announced a ₹1 lakh crore Open Market Operation (OMO) and a $5 billion USD/INR swap in December to counter a liquidity crunch caused by advance tax payments.

Background

The RBI will purchase government securities worth ₹1 lakh crore via OMOs in December. Additionally, a 3-year USD/INR buy-sell swap of $5 billion is planned to provide durable liquidity.

Facts for Prelims

  • FactOMO purchase amount: ₹1 lakh crore in December
  • FactUSD/INR buy-sell swap: $5 billion for a duration of 3 years
  • BodyRBI: Conducts Open Market Operations (OMO) and Variable Rate Repo (VRRR) operations
  • FactLiquidity crunch trigger: Third installment of advance tax payments due on December 15th

For Mains

Q. Discuss the role of Open Market Operations and currency swaps in managing systemic liquidity and stabilizing the exchange rate in a developing economy.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

  • Monetary transmission: Balancing liquidity injection with inflation targeting mandates
  • Exchange rate stability: Using currency swaps to manage volatility without depleting forex reserves
  • Fiscal-Monetary nexus: Managing banking liquidity during peak tax collection cycles

Keywords: Liquidity Management · Open Market Operations · Monetary Policy · Currency Swap · Systemic Stability

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