India lifted 496 million people out of poverty between 2011 and 2023
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Growth, inflation & macro indicators· Prelims + Mains·
Economic growth and poverty reduction metrics: a core GS3 and development study.
Why in news
The World Bank's October 2026 Poverty and Equity Brief reported that India lifted 496 million people out of poverty between 2011 and 2023.
Background
Extreme poverty in India fell from 27.1% to 2.6% between 2011 and 2023. The proportion of people living below the USD 4.20-a-day threshold (at 2021 PPP) dropped from 57.7% to 16.1%.
Facts for Prelims
- Report / IndexWorld Bank's Poverty and Equity Brief (October 2026) reported India's poverty reduction.
- FactIndia lifted 496 million people out of poverty between 2011 and 2023.
- FactExtreme poverty rate fell from 27.1% to 2.6% during the 2011-2023 period.
- FactEmployment increased by approximately 134 million people between 2017 and 2023.
- Fact57% of India's poor population is concentrated in a belt from Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal.
Prelims practice question
Which region contains approximately 57% of India's poor population according to the report?
- (a)Gujarat to Rajasthan
- (b)Assam to Odisha
- (c)Kerala to Tamil Nadu
- (d)Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal
Show answer
Answer: (d) Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal — The report states that 57% of India's poor population is concentrated in a belt from Uttar Pradesh to West Bengal.
For Mains
Q. Analyze the factors contributing to India's rapid poverty reduction and discuss the regional challenges remaining in achieving universal poverty alleviation.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Demographic concentration: High density of poor population in the UP-West Bengal belt requiring targeted regional interventions
- Gender-inclusive growth: Significant contribution of rural women to paid employment as a driver of poverty reduction
- Structural employment gap: Rising youth unemployment despite overall gains in total employment numbers
Keywords: Poverty Alleviation · Multidimensional Poverty · Social Transfers · Consumption Growth · Purchasing Power Parity · Rural Employment
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