With reference to Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) blending in India, consider the following statements: 1. Indian Oil's Panipat Refinery is preparing for a capacity of 30,000 tonnes of SAF. 2. The mandate is intended to mitigate carbon liabilities under the CORSIA framework. 3. The proposed mandate requires a 5% blending level for international flights by 2027. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

India plans to mandate up to 5% Sustainable Aviation Fuel blending by 2030

GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Industry, investment & MSMEs· Prelims + Mains· 21 October 2026

Energy transition and decarbonization: a relevant GS3 topic regarding aviation and climate goals.

Why in news

India plans to mandate a phased increase in Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) blending for international flights to mitigate carbon liabilities under ICAO's CORSIA.

Background

The proposed mandate scales from 1% blending in 2027 to 5% by 2030. Indian Oil's Panipat Refinery is currently preparing for a capacity of 30,000 tonnes of SAF.

Facts for Prelims

FactSAF blending mandate: 1% in 2027, 2% in 2028, and 5% by 2030 for international flights
FactIndian Oil's Panipat Refinery capacity: 30,000 tonnes of SAF

Prelims practice question

With reference to Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) blending in India, consider the following statements:

Indian Oil's Panipat Refinery is preparing for a capacity of 30,000 tonnes of SAF.
The mandate is intended to mitigate carbon liabilities under the CORSIA framework.
The proposed mandate requires a 5% blending level for international flights by 2027.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c)1 and 2 only
(d)1 and 3 only

Show answer

Answer: (c) 1 and 2 only — Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is incorrect: The mandate scales to 1% in 2027 and reaches 5% by 2030.

For Mains

Q. Discuss the economic and environmental significance of mandating Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in India's aviation sector to meet global decarbonization targets.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

Carbon liability: Mitigation of $50–75 million annual liabilities under ICAO's CORSIA framework
Infrastructure gap: Balancing refinery capacity expansion with rapid aviation demand growth
Policy uncertainty: Impact of unfinalized national policy on long-term airline investment cycles

Keywords: Decarbonization · Sustainable Aviation Fuel · CORSIA · Carbon Liability · Energy Transition

Read the full news →Report a mistake in this note How notes are made Source: The Hindu ↗Also: GS3 · Nuclear & new energy technology Also: GS3 · Climate change & international agreements

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