Most populated city: Jakarta tops list with estimated 42 million residents; replaces Tokyo

Why in news

A UN report identifies Jakarta, Indonesia, as the world's most populated city with 42 million residents, surpassing Tokyo due to updated urban area definitions.

Background

Jakarta, Indonesia, is now the world's most populated city with an estimated 42 million residents. The UN report notes that global urban populations have more than doubled since 1950.

Facts for Prelims

• FactJakarta population: estimated 42 million residents
• PlaceJakarta: Capital of Indonesia
• FactUrban populations have more than doubled since 1950
• PostLi Junhia: UN undersecretary-general for economic and social affairs

For Mains

Q. Discuss the challenges of managing hyper-urbanization in developing nations, focusing on the nexus between urban growth, climate resilience, and social equity.

Dimensions to cover in your answer

• Infrastructure strain: Rapid population density outpacing municipal waste and housing supply
• Climate vulnerability: High-density coastal urban centers facing increased flood and heat risks
• Social stratification: Urban migration leading to informal settlements and unequal access to services

Keywords: Hyper-urbanization · Climate Resilience · Social Equity · Urban Management · Demographic Shift

More Indian Society notes

• People should disclose details as per Census Act: Home Ministry · 2 December 2025
• New IIMAD, PFI report provide insights into population growth trends in Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar island groups · 30 November 2025

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