Strong El Niño and 28% monsoon deficit risk forest fires in Keralam
GS3Economy · S&T · Environment · Security· Nuclear & new energy technology· Prelims·
Climate change and monsoon variability: a GS3 case study on forest phenology and biodiversity stress.
Why in news
K.A. Sreejith of the Kerala Forest Research Institute warned that a strong El Niño coupled with a 28% southwest monsoon rainfall deficit in Keralam could trigger forest fires and dry up waterholes.
Background
The state currently faces a 28% deficit in southwest monsoon rainfall, which may be exacerbated by developing El Niño conditions.
Facts for Prelims
- PlaceKeralam: A state in India facing a 28% southwest monsoon rainfall deficit.
- S&TEl Niño: A climate pattern that can intensify dry conditions and lead to forest fires.
- Fact28% southwest monsoon rainfall deficit reported in Keralam.
Prelims practice question
What is the percentage of southwest monsoon rainfall deficit currently reported in Keralam?
- (a)52%
- (b)28%
- (c)40%
- (d)15%
Show answer
Answer: (b) 28% — The note states that the state currently faces a 28% deficit in southwest monsoon rainfall.
For Mains
Q. Discuss how climate phenomena like El Niño impact forest phenology and biodiversity in tropical regions like Keralam.
Dimensions to cover in your answer
- Ecological stress: Early drying of waterholes and altered forest phenology affecting local wildlife survival
- Climate-fire nexus: Compounding effects of monsoon deficits and El Niño on forest fire frequency
Keywords: El Niño · Forest Phenology · Monsoon Deficit · Wildlife Stress · Climate Resilience
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